In addition, you can find a free videobased educational program about cancer clinical trials in another section of this website. Mri is commonly used for monitoring patients after therapy. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc is endemic in north africa and southeast asia and most notably in south china, where the incidence can be as high as 2040 per 100,000 persons 1 3. Malignant neoplasm of nasopharynx, unspecified site. Cells in nearly any part of the body can become cancer, and can spread to other areas. A survey reported in 198283 in taiwan showed that the actuarial and relapse free. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a nonlymphomatous, squamouscell carcinoma that occurs in the epithelial lining of the nasopharynx. Extension of nasopharyngeal tumors, especially into the skull base and the deep facial spaces, is well illustrated on imaging. For claims with a date of service on or after october 1, 2015, use an. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc is a distinct type of head and neck cancer, which is rare in the west and endemic in south china and southeast asia.
Most cases of earlystage disease can be cured by local radiotherapy, with longterm survival 2,3. Features are consistent with a nasopharyngeal carcinoma, which was confirmed on biopsy nonkeratinizing squamous cell carcinoma, ebv positive. The most common form of cancer in the nasopharynx is nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc. Links to pubmed are also available for selected references. Use the menu below to choose the introduction section to get started. Assessment of retropharyngeal and cervical lymphadenopathy is important for treatment planning. Although rare, npc accounts for about one third of childhood nasopharyngeal neoplasms. A new prognostic histopathologic classification of. Health, general cancer diagnosis carcinoembryonic antigen carcinoma cea oncology intermediate filament proteins neuroendocrine tumors care and treatment case studies risk factors nose cancer tissue specific antigens. Mukherji nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc is an intriguing disease that shows a distinct geographical distribution with welldefined, highrisk ethnic groups. Of 1,344 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated during 19611965 at the shanghai cancer hospital, 367 who survived over.
The v codes in icd9cm do not convert to any codes in icd 10. This case reminds us to think of below base of skull pathology when dealing with what appears to be a s. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc has an incidence of 5. Advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma in children sciencedirect. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc is a rare neoplasm which is associated with epsteinbarr virus ebv.
It is etiologically linked to the epsteinbarr virus and is both radio and chemosensitive. From basic information about cancer and its causes to indepth information on specific cancer types including risk factors, early detection, diagnosis, and treatment options youll find it here. This document is highly rated by students and has been viewed 619 times. No cell free ebv dna was detected in the sera of the patient. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma in children and adolescents a. Nodal patterns in carcinoma larynx and hypopharynx. Use the menu to choose a different section to read in this guide. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc is a rare malignancy in the czech republic and slovakia, with the standardized incidence rate of nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc is a distinct type of head and neck cancer, which is rare in the west and endemic in south china and southeast asia. Of them, 25 cases with stage iii received imrt only, 1 cases with stage iiiivb received imrt plus accomplished platinumbased. This patient went on to have a right nasopharyngeal biopsy which confirmed the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, nonkeratinizing type. The underlying mechanisms behind this remarkable geographic distribution remain unclear. Advances in systemic treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Both biopsies show similar features, with invasive poorly differentiated nonkeratinizing squamous cell carcinoma involving fragments of soft tissue and bone. Npc differs from other head and neck cancers with regard to epidemiologic features, histopathologic features, treatment strategies, and response to therapy 4, 5.
Review of the literature with a focus on therapeutical implications. Npc differs significantly from other cancers of the head and neck in its occurrence, causes, clinical behavior, and treatment. In general, the incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma increases with age, peaking at around 5059 years of age, with a early small peak found in late childhood in some populations. Percentage of all recurrences occurring during 3 years of followup. This neoplasm exhibits strong associations with the epsteinbarr virus, dietary and genetic factors. Nccn clinical practice guidelines in oncology nccn. The free booklet is available as a pdf, so it is easy to print out. Metastatic breast carcinoma has been described at numerous sites in the head and neck region. Prolonged survival in a nasopharyngeal carcinoma patient.
To evaluate the clinical features, treatment results, prognostic factors and late toxicities of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in children and adolescents. May 02, 2020 nasopharyngeal carcinoma notes edurev is made by best teachers of. To evaluate the clinical outcomes and patterns of failure in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc treated with intensity modulated radiotherapy imrt in northwest china. Among the laryngeal malignancies supra glottic and transglottic tumours were equally frequent 46. The annual incidence of npc has been estimated at 0. Effects of ngx6 expression on proliferation and invasion. Incidence is higher in the chinese and tunisian populations. A prospective protocol for nasopharyngeal carcinoma in. Phillips, md, san francisco, california cancer of the nasopharynx is one of the most malig. Three hundred and fiftyone consecutive patients with firsttime recurrent npc between january 1999 and july 2005 were included. The therapeutic choice for a malignant neoplasm is usually governed by the probability and location of lymph mode metastases. Here, we report a case of a 56 year old female patient with invasive ductal carcinoma metastasizing to. The objective of this report is to emphasize that, although rare, nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc does occur in children and can be diagnosed reliably when certain key radiographic features are recognized. Undifferentiated, nonkeratinizing, and squamous cell.
Icd9cm to icd10 based on fy2014 icd9cm codes category and subcategory codes are shaded in grey and marked with an cells shaded in pink and marked with an indicate the preferred code when a single code maps to multiple codes see introduction note. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc is a very rare disease in childhood. Full text full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. Clinical characteristics of recurrent nasopharyngeal. Clinical and prognostic analysis of second primary squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal. The first had a tumor involving left ethmoid sinus and nasal cavity and the second, a neoplasm. While radiotherapy rt remains the primary treatment modality with high cure rates for early stage disease, systemic treatment forms an important integral component in the treatment of npc, both in the nonmetastatic as well. To describe the clinical characteristics of the patients who suffered from relapse after conventional irradiation for nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc.
Radiationinduced secondary malignancies for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc is a unique disease endemic in asia. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc is a rare malignancy worldwide, but it is endemic in a few areas including southern china, southeast asia, north africa and the arctic. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc samples of distinct histological types, including squamous cell carcinoma who type 1, nonkeratinizing carcinoma who type 2, and undifferentiated carcinoma who type 3, were analyzed for epsteinbarr virus ebv infection and gene expression by using in situ and biochemical techniques. In most cases, npc is poorly differentiated and may emerge at any site in the upper respiratory tract. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc is a rare malignancy in the czech republic and slovakia, with the standardized. No other new significant associations between the relevant exposures.
Children often present with enlargement of the nasopharyngeal soft tissues, which is usually due to benign hypertrophy of adenoids. Nonsmall cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the sinonasal. Its incidence varies widely in different regions, reflecting interactions between genetic and environmental factors, such as exposure to epsteinbarr virus ebv. Or, you can choose another section to learn more about a specific question you have. Whether you or someone you love has cancer, knowing what to expect can help you cope. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 3. These free fact sheets are available as a pdf, so they are easy to print out. Nonsmall cell neuroendocrine carcinomas nsnecs of the sinonasal tract are rare. Due to their rarity, the clinical and pathologic characteristics of these neoplasms are not adequately understood. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc is a tumor arising from the epithelial cells that cover the surface and line the nasopharynx. From january 2006 to december 2009, 8 npc patients were treated at xijing hospital. Immunohistochemical study of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. It starts in the nasopharynx, the upper part of the throat behind the nose and near the base of skull. Between january 1990 and january 2011, 158 npc patients younger than 20 years old were treated in our institution, and the patients clinical characteristics, treatment modalities, outcomes and prognostic factors were retrospectively analyzed.
Nasopharyngeal cancer is a type of head and neck cancer. Multiinstitutional trial of accelerated hypofractionated intensitymodulated radiation therapy for earlystage oropharyngeal cancer rtog 0022. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma the nasopharynx is the uppermost part of the pharynx upper throat that lies behind the nose. Radiochemotherapy is currently the gold standard but unfortunately is affected by rates of failure ranging from 7% up to 58%. Original article, case study by ear, nose and throat journal. Ngx6 is lowly expressed in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and it can inhibit the proliferation and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, whose expression is positively correlated with the survival and prognosis of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer starts when cells begin to grow out of control.